Thermal bridges in existing buildings: allowance, proof, typical spots
Thermal bridges in existing buildings: allowance and equivalence proof under DIN 4108 Supplement 2, what the GModG regulates and where problems arise.
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Category: Building physics
Articles on building physics, application and cost-effectiveness.
Calculating the U-value to DIN EN ISO 6946: method and sources of error
How the U-value is calculated under DIN EN ISO 6946: layer resistances, surface resistances, a worked example and the most common errors with existing…
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Glaser method under DIN 4108-3: what it calculates and where it ends
The Glaser method (DIN 4108-3) checks condensation in building elements under fixed winter and summer values, and where it ends for existing walls.
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Below the dew point at night: condensation and algae on insulated façades
Why insulated façades drop below air temperature at night, what Fraunhofer IBP measurements show about condensation and algae, and which countermeasures exist.
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What a Thermal Image Proves — and What It Doesn’t
A thermal image gives you a ranking, not a measured value. Why it doesn't yield a U-value, how emissivity and colour scale distort results…
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Reading the Data Sheet: What V and W Classes Really Mean
DIN EN 1062-1 only classifies; the actual requirement sits in DIN 4108-3. Why V1 is good and W1 is bad, why the three limit…
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Summer Thermal Performance: What DIN 4108-2 Requires
The solar gain index, the ranking of measures, and why west-facing windows are more critical than south-facing ones. A compliance issue, not a comfort…
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What Emissivity Really Describes
Stefan-Boltzmann, Kirchhoff and the fourth power: what ε means, where a low emissivity demonstrably matters — and why colour tells you nothing about it.
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Why Mould Is Not Just a Heating Problem
It isn't room temperature that decides mould growth — it's the wall's surface temperature. Why the DIN 4108-2 threshold sits at 12.6 °C —…
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